Most human diets contain between 10 and 15 percent

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Most human diets contain between 10 and 15 percent of their total calories as protein. The rest of the dietary energy comes from carbohydrates, fats, and in some people, alcohol. The proportion of calories from fats varies from 10 percent in poor communities to 40 percent or more in rich communities.

In addition to providing energy, fats have several other functions in the body. The fat-soluble vitamins, A, D, E, and K, are dissolved in fats, as their name implies. Good sources of these vitamins have high oil or fat content, and the vitamins are stored in the body’s fatty tissues. In the diet, fats cause food to remain longer in the stomach, thus increasing the feeling of fullness for some time after a meal is eaten. Fats add variety, taste, and texture to foods, which accounts for the popularity of fried foods. Fatty deposits in the body have an insulating and protective value. The curves of the human female body are due mostly to strategically located fat deposits.

Whether a certain amount of fat in the diet is essential to human health is not definitely known. When rats are fed a fat-free diet, their growth eventually ceases, their skin becomes inflamed and scaly, and their reproductive systems are damaged. Two fatty acids, linoleic and arachidonic acids, prevent these abnormalities and hence are called essential fatty acids. They also are required by a number of other animals, but their roles in human beings are debatable. Most nutritionists consider linoleic fatty acid an essential nutrient for humans.

Question 1. This passage probably appeared in which of the following?

A. A diet book        

B. A book on basic nutrition

C. A cookbook        

D. A popular women’s magazine

Question 2. We can infer from the passage that all of the following statements about fats are true EXCEPT_______.

A. poor people eat more fatty foods

B. alcohol is not a common source of dietary energy

C. fats provide energy for the body

D. economics influences the distribution of calorie intake

Question 3. The phrase “stored” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.

A. attached

B. manufactured

C. measured

D. accumulated

Question 4. The word “essential to” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to

A. beneficial to

B. detrimental to

C. required for

D. desired for

Question 5. According to the author of the passage, which of the following is true for rats when they are fed a fat free diet?

A. They lose body hair

B. They require less care

C. They stop growing

D. They have more babies

Question 6. Linoleic fatty acid is mentioned in the passage as_______.

A. a nutrient found in most foods

B. an essential nutrient for humans

C. preventing weight gain in rats

D. more useful than arachidonic acid

Question 7. The phrase “these abnormalities” in the third paragraph refers to_______.

A. curves on the human female body

B. cessation of growth, bad skin, and damaged reproductive systems

C. strategically located fat deposits a condition caused by fried food

D. a condition caused by fried foods.

Question 8. That humans should all have some fat our diet is, according to the author, ______

A. only true for women

B. not yet a proven fact

C. proven to be true by experiments in rats

D. a commonly held view

Đáp án

Question 1. B

Nội dung của đoạn văn nói về các chất dinh dưỡng trong cơ thể người nên đoạn văn trên có thể xuất hiện trong một cuốn sách về dinh dưỡng cơ bản.

=> chọn B

Question 2. A

Dẫn chứng: The proportion of calories from fats varies from 10 percent in poor communities to 40 percent or more in rich communities.

Question 3. D

stored = accumulated: chứa đựng, tích lũy

Question 4. C

essential = required for: cần thiết

Question 5. C

Dẫn chứng: Thông tin: When rats are fed a fat-free diet, their growth eventually ceases, their skin becomes inflamed and scaly, and their reproductive systems are damaged.

Question 6. B

Dẫn chứng: Two fatty acids, linoleic and arachidonic acids, prevent these abnormalities and hence are called essential fatty acids.

Question 7. B

Dẫn chứng: When rats are fed a fat-free diet, their growth eventually ceases, their skin becomes inflamed and scaly, and their reproductive systems are damaged. Two fatty acids, linoleic and arachidonic acids, prevent these abnormalities and hence are called essential fatty acids.

Question 8. B

Dẫn chứng: Whether a certain amount of fat in the diet is essential to human health is not definitely known.