Đọc hiểu Experts in climatology and other scientists are becoming

Bài đọc hiểu Experts in climatology and other scientists are becoming

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.

Experts⁽¹⁾ in climatology⁽²⁾ and other scientists are becoming extremely concerned about the changes to our climate⁽³⁾ which are taking place. Admittedly⁽⁴⁾, climate changes have occurred on our planet before. For example, there have been several ice ages or glacial periods. These climatic changes, however, were different from the modern ones in that they occurred gradually and, as far as we know, naturally. The changes currently being monitored⁽⁵⁾ are said to be the result not of natural causes, but of human activity. Furthermore⁽⁶⁾, the rate of change is becoming alarmingly rapid.

The major problem is that the planet appears to be warming up. According to some experts, this warming process, known as global warming, is occurring at a rate unprecedented⁽⁷⁾ in the last 10,000 years. The implications for the planet are very serious. Rising global temperatures could give rise to such ecological⁽⁸⁾ disasters as extremely high increases in the incidence of flooding and of droughts⁽⁹⁾. These in turn could have a harmful effect on agriculture⁽¹⁰⁾.

It is thought that this unusual warming of the Earth has been caused by so-called greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, being emitted into the atmosphere by car engines and modern industrial⁽¹¹⁾ processes⁽¹²⁾, for example. Such gases not only add to the pollution of the atmosphere, but also create a greenhouse effect, by which the heat of the sun is trapped. This leads to the warming up of the planet.

Politicians⁽¹³⁾ are also concerned about climate change and there are now regular summits on the subject, attended by representatives⁽¹⁴⁾ from around 180 of the world’s industrialized countries. Of these summits,  the most important took place in Kyotoin Japanin 1997. There it was agreed that the most industrialized countries would try to reduce the volume of greenhouse gas emissions⁽¹⁵⁾ and were given targets for this reduction of emissions.

It was also suggested that more forests should be planted to create so-called sinks to absorb⁽¹⁶⁾ greenhouse gases. At least part of the problem of rapid climate change has been caused by too drastic deforestation⁽¹⁷⁾. Sadly, the targets are not being met. Even more sadly, global warnings about climate changes are often still being regarded as scaremongering⁽¹⁸⁾.

Vocabulary

(1) Experts: Các chuyên gia

(2) climatology: khí hậu học

(3) climate: khí hậu

(4) Admittedly: Phải thừa nhận

(5) monitored: theo dõi

(6)  Furthermore: Hơn nữa

(7) unprecedented: chưa từng có

(8) ecological: sinh thái

(9) droughts: hạn hán

(10)  agriculture: nông nghiệp

(11) industrial: công nghiệp

(12) processes: quy trình

(13) Politicians: Chính trị gia

(14) representatives: đại diện

(15) emissions: khí thải

(16) absorb: hấp thụ

(17) deforestation: phá rừng

(18) scaremongering: hù dọa

Câu hỏi và đáp án đọc hiểu Experts in climatology and other scientists are becoming

Question 1. According to the passage, in what way did the climate changes in the ice ages differ from the modern ones

A. They occurred naturally over a long period of time.

B. They were partly intended.

C. They were wholly the result of human activity.

D. They were fully monitored by humans.

Đáp án: A. They occurred naturally over a long period of time.

Giải thích: These climatic changes, however, were different from the modern ones in that they occurred gradually and, as far as we know, naturally.

Question 2. The word “alarmingly” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to.

A. disapprovingly      

B. disappointingly      

C. surprisingly      

D. worryingly

Đáp án: D. worryingly

Giải thích: alarmingly = worryingly (đáng báo động, đáng lo ngại)

Question 3. According to the passage, agriculture could.

A. make the global warming more serious

B. be indirectly affected by the global temperature rises

C. give rise to many ecological disasters

D. be directly damaged by the rises in global temperature

Đáp án: B. be indirectly affected by the global temperature rises

Giải thích: Rising global temperatures could give rise to such ecological⁽⁸⁾ disasters as extremely high increases in the incidence of flooding and of droughts⁽⁹⁾. These in turn could have a harmful effect on agriculture⁽¹⁰⁾.

Question 4. Greenhouse gases cause the warming up of the Earth because they.

A. are emitted by car engines       

B. trap heat from the sun

C. do not add to atmosphere pollution        

D. are unusual gases

Đáp án: B. trap heat from the sun

Giải thích: Such gases not only add to the pollution of the atmosphere, but also create a greenhouse effect, by which the heat of the sun is trapped. This leads to the warming up of the planet.

Question 5. According to the passage, 1997 witnessed         .

A. the largest number of summits on the subject of climate change

B. the most important summit on climate change taking place in Kyoto, Japan

C. the highest attendance by representatives from 180 industrialised countries

D. widespread concern about climate change

Đáp án: B. the most important summit on climate change taking place in Kyoto, Japan

Giải thích: Of these summits,  the most important took place in Kyotoin Japanin 1997.

Question 6. It can be inferred from the passage that the countries which are mainly responsible for global warming are         .

A. countries with the warmest climate        

B. developing countries

C. developed countries        

D. the most industrialized countries

Đáp án: D. the most industrialized countries

Giải thích: There it was agreed that the most industrialized countries would try to reduce the volume of greenhouse gas emissions and were given targets for this reduction of emissions

Question 7. The word “There” in paragraph 5 refers to         .

A. the world’s industrialized countries        

B. regular summits on climate change

C. the most industrialized countries       

D. the 1997 summit in Kyoto, Japan

Đáp án: D. the 1997 summit in Kyoto, Japan

Giải thích: Of these summits,  the most important took place in Kyotoin Japanin 1997. There it was agreed that the most industrialized countries would try to reduce the volume of greenhouse gas emissions(15) and were given targets for this reduction of emissions. (Trong số các hội nghị thượng đỉnh này, hội nghị thượng đỉnh quan trọng nhất diễn ra tại Kyotoin Japanin 1997. Tại đó, các nước công nghiệp phát triển nhất sẽ cố gắng giảm khối lượng phát thải khí nhà kính và được đưa ra các mục tiêu cho việc giảm phát thải này.)

Question 8. Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?

A. Carbon dioxide is one of the gases that may cause the so-called greenhouse effect.

B. The so-called sinks created by forests can absorb greenhouse gases.

C. The problem of rapid climate change has been caused mainly by deforestation

D. Politicians are among those who are concerned about climate change

Đáp án: C. The problem of rapid climate change has been caused mainly by deforestation

Giải thích: 

- Nội dung câu A được đề cập đến trong câu 1 đoạn

- Nội dung câu B được đề cập đến trong câu 1 đoạn 5.

- Nội dung câu D được đề cập đến trong câu 2 đoạn 4.

→ Chọn đáp án C cho câu hỏi trên