Đọc hiểu The population of the world has increased

Bài đọc hiểu The population of the world has increased

Read the passage and mark A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The population⁽¹⁾ of the world has increased more in modern times than in all other ages of history combined⁽²⁾. World population totalled about 500 million in 1650. It doubled in the period from 1650 - 1850. Today the population is more than five billion. Estimates⁽³⁾ based on research by the United Nations indicate⁽⁴⁾ that it will more than double in the twenty - five years between 1915 and the year 2000, reaching seven billion by the turn of the century No one knows the limits of population that the earth can support. Thomas Malthus, an English economist⁽⁵⁾, developed a theory⁽⁶⁾ that became widely accepted in the nineteenth century. He suggested that because world population tended to increase more rapidly than the food supply, a continual strain was exerted upon available⁽⁷⁾ resources. Malthus cited wars, famines, epidemics, and other disasters as the usual limitations of population growth. With recent advances in science and technology, including improved agricultural methods and great strides in medicine, some of the limiting factors in population growth have been lessened, with obvious results, international organizations⁽⁸⁾ have put forward several recommendations to alleviate the problem of overpopulation, including an increase in food production, general economic development in target areas, and a decrease in birth rates. Most experts agree that it will be necessary to combine all three recommendations⁽⁹⁾ in an effort to effect a lasting solution.

Vocabulary

(1) population: dân số

(2) combine: kết hợp

(3) Estimates: Ước tính

(4) indicate: biểu thị

(5) economist: nhà kinh tế học

(6) theory: học thuyết

(7) available: có sẵn

(8) organizations: tổ chức

(9) recommendations: khuyến nghị

Câu hỏi và đáp án đọc hiểu The population of the world has increased

Question 1. The title below that best expresses the ideas in this passage is.

A. Thomas Mathus’s Theory

B. The United Nations’ Estimate

C. Limiting Factors in Population Growth

D. A Brief History of Population and Overpopulation

Đáp án: D. A Brief History of Population and Overpopulation

Giải thích: Bài viết trên tác giả nói về lịch sử ngắn gọn về dân số và sự quá tải dân số

Question 2. World population doubled in the years between                     

A. 500 – 1650      

B. 1650 – 1850     

C. 1650 – today   

D. 1850 – 2000

Đáp án: B. 1650 – 1850 

Giải thích: The population⁽¹⁾ of the world has increased more in modern times than in all other ages of history combined⁽²⁾. World population totalled about 500 million in 1650. It doubled in the period from 1650 - 1850.

Question 3. According to this passage, by the year 2000 the earth’s population should exceed the present figure by how much?

A. 500 million      

B. Five billion     

C. Two billion     

D. Seven billion

Đáp án: D. Seven billion

Giải thích: Today the population is more than five billion. Estimates⁽³⁾ based on research by the United Nations indicate⁽⁴⁾ that it will more than double in the twenty - five years between 1915 and the year 2000, reaching seven billion by the turn of the century.

Question 4. According to this passage, why has overpopulation been caused?

A. Improved technology     

B. Disasters

C. Scarcity      

D. Precaution

Đáp án: A. Improved technology     

Giải thích: With recent advances in science and technology, including improved agricultural methods and great strides in medicine, some of the limiting factors in population growth have been lessened, with obvious results, international organizations⁽⁸⁾ have put forward several recommendations to alleviate the problem of overpopulation, including an increase in food production, general economic development in target areas, and a decrease in birth rates

Question 5. What do most experts recommend in order to solve problems of overpopulation?

A. Famine and epidemic

B. Medical advanced and improved agricultural methods

C. Economic development and a decline in the birth rate

D. Conservation of available resources

Đáp án: C. Economic development and a decline in the birth rate

Giải thích: international organizations⁽⁸⁾ have put forward several recommendations to alleviate the problem of overpopulation, including an increase in food production, general economic development in target areas, and a decrease in birth rates.