Đọc hiểu Plastic bags are used by everybody

Bài đọc hiểu Plastic bags are used by everybody

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Plastic bags are used by everybody. From a vegetable vendor⁽¹⁾ to a designer store, everyone seems to use them. Even though they are one of the modern conveniences⁽²⁾ that we seem to be unable to do without, they are responsible for causing pollution, killing wildlife, and using up the precious resources of the Earth. But, most of us are blissfully unaware of the repercussions⁽³⁾ that are occurring⁽⁴⁾ and will take place in the future because of the plastic bags.

Every once in a while, the government passes out an order banning store owners from providing plastic bags to customers for carrying their purchases⁽⁵⁾. Plastic pollution – Problems and solutions, with little lasting effect. Plastic bags are very popular with both retailers⁽⁶⁾ as well as consumers because they are cheap, strong, lightweight⁽⁷⁾, functional⁽⁸⁾, as well as a hygienic⁽⁹⁾ means of carrying food as well as other goods. About a hundred billion plastic bags are used every year in the U.S. alone. And then, when one considers the huge economies and populations of India, China, Europe, and other parts of the world, the numbers can be staggering⁽¹⁰⁾. The problem is further exacerbated⁽¹¹⁾ by the developed countries shipping off their plastic waste to developing countries like India.

Once they are used, most bags go into landfills. Each year, more and more bags are ending up littering the environment. Once they become litter, plastic bags find their way into our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets. And, if they are burned, they infuse the air with toxic fumes⁽¹²⁾. About 100,000 animals, such as dolphins, turtles, whales, penguins are killed every year due to these bags. Many animals ingest plastic bags, mistaking them for food, and therefore, die. And worse, the ingested plastic bag remains intact⁽¹³⁾ even after the death and decomposition of the animal. Thus, it lies around in the landscape where another victim may ingest⁽¹⁴⁾ it. One of the worst environmental effects is that they are non- biodegradable⁽¹⁵⁾. The decomposition⁽¹⁶⁾ takes about 400 years. No one will live so long to witness the decomposition of plastic! Thus, save the environment for the future generations as well as animals.

Petroleum products are diminishing⁽¹⁴⁾ and getting more expensive by the day, since we have used this non-renewable resource increasingly. And to make plastic, about 60-100 million barrels of oil are needed every year around the world. Surely, this precious resource should not be wasted on producing plastic bags, should it? Petroleum is vital⁽¹⁵⁾ for our modern way of life. It is necessary for our energy requirements – for our factories, transportation, heating, lighting, and so on. Without viable alternative sources of energy yet on the horizon, if the supply of petroleum were to be turned off, it would lead to practically the entire world grinding⁽¹⁶⁾ to a halt.

So, what can be done? A tote bag can make a good substitute for carrying groceries⁽¹⁷⁾ and the shopping. You can keep the bag with the cashier, and then put your purchases into it instead of the usual plastic bag. Recycling the bags you already have is another good idea. These can come into use for various purposes, like holding your garbage, instead of purchasing new ones. While governments may be working out ways to lessen the impact of plastic bags on the environment; however, each of us should shoulder some of the responsibility for this problem, which ultimately harms us. Plastics are not only non- biodegradable⁽¹⁸⁾, but are one of the major pollutants of the sea. For a clean and green environment, try to use alternatives⁽¹⁹⁾ to plastic whenever and wherever possible. Cut down your use of plastic, and do your bit to save our planet.

Vocabulary

(1) vendor: người bán

(2) conveniences: tiện nghi

(3) repercussions: hậu quả

(4) occurring: xảy ra

(5) purchases: mua hàng

(6) retailers: nhà bán lẻ

(7) lightweight: nhẹ

(8) functional: chức năng

(9) hygienic: hợp vệ sinh

(10) staggering: sửng sốt

(11) exacerbated: trầm trọng hơn

(12) fumes: khói

(13) intact: nguyên vẹn

(14) ingest: ăn vào

(15) vital: thiết yếu

(16) grinding: mài

(17) groceries: cửa hàng tạp hóa

(18) biodegradable: phân hủy sinh học

(19) alternatives: lựa chọn thay thế

Câu hỏi và đáp án đọc hiểu Plastic bags are used by everybody

Question 1: Which of the following could be the best tittle of the passage?

A. Plastic pollution – Problems and solutions.

B. Harmful effects of plastic bags on the environment.

C. Plastic pollution – What should we do?

D. Plastic bags – New threat for the environment,

Đáp án: A. Plastic pollution – Problems and solutions.

Giải thích: Toàn bộ bài viết tác giả nêu lên thực trạng về ô nhiễm môi trường, hậu quả và các giải pháp

Question 2: What is the synonym of the word “repercussions” in the first paragraph?

A. situation        

B. interference    

C. contamination    

D. consequence

Đáp án: D. consequence

Giải thích: Repercussions = Consequence (hậu quả)

Question 3: According to the second paragraph, what is NOT true about the reality of plastic bags?

A. The more population a country has, the more complicated the plastic pollution is.

B. Plastic bags are often used because of their convenience.

C. Importing plastic waste from developed countries makes the problem more sophisticated.

D. The governments do not prohibit the use of plastic bags at the stores.

Đáp án: D. The governments do not prohibit the use of plastic bags at the stores.

Giải thích: Every once in a while, the government passes out an order banning store owners from providing plastic bags to customers for carrying their purchases, with little lasting effect. Plastic bags are very popular with both retailers as well as consumers because they are cheap, strong, lightweight, functional, as well as a hygienic means of carrying food as well as other goods. About a hundred billion plastic bags are used every year in the U.S. alone. And then, when one considers the huge economies and populations of India, China, Europe, and other parts of the world, the numbers can be staggering. The problem is further exacerbated by the developed countries shipping off their plastic waste to developing countries like India.

Question 4: The following are the negative effects of plastic bags on the environment, EXCEPT        .

A. They make water, soil and air polluted.

B. Marine animals may die because of eating plastic bags.

C. It takes plastic bags a very long time to be biodegraded.

D. People do not live long enough to check whether plastic bags are decomposed or not.

Đáp án: D. People do not live long enough to check whether plastic bags are decomposed or not.

Giải thích: Once they are used, most bags go into landfills. Each year, more and more bags are ending up littering the environment. Once they become litter, plastic bags find their way into our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets. And, if they are burned, they infuse the air with toxic fumes. About 100,000 animals, such as dolphins, turtles, whales, penguins are killed every year due to these bags. Many animals ingest plastic bags, mistaking them for food, and therefore, die. And worse, the ingested plastic bag remains intact even after the death and decomposition of the animal. Thus, it lies around in the landscape where another victim may ingest it. One of the worst environmental effects is that they are non-biodegradable. The decomposition takes about 400 years. No one will live so long to witness the decomposition of plastic!

Question 5: The word “intact” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to __________.

A. undamaged      

B. broken      

C. harmful      

D. dangerous

Đáp án: A. undamaged   

Giải thích: intact = undamaged (nguyên vẹn)

Question 6: According to the passage, petroleum is described as a resource that _________.

A. increases the cost of products.

B. is wasted on many energy demands of life.

C. is indispensable in almost all activities of the modern world.

D. is replaced by other alternatives in producing plastic bags.

Đáp án: C. is indispensable in almost all activities of the modern world.

Giải thích: Petroleum products are diminishing and getting more expensive by the day, since we have used this non-renewable resource increasingly. And to make plastic, about 60-100 million barrels of oil are needed every year around the world. Surely, this precious resource should not be wasted on producing plastic bags. should it? Petroleum is vital for our modern way of life. It is necessary for our energy requirements – for our factories, transportation, heating, lighting, and so on. Without viable alternative sources of energy yet on the horizon, if the supply of petroleum were to be turned off, it would lead to practically the entire world grinding to a halt.

Question 7: What does the word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?

A. the cashier      

B. the bag       

C. the shopping       

D. a good substitute

Đáp án: B. the bag   

Giải thích: A tote bag can make a good substitute for carrying groceries and the shopping. You can keep the bag with the cashier, and then put your purchases into it instead of the usual plastic bag. (Một cái túi đi chợ có thể là một thay thể tốt để mang hàng hóa và đồ mua sắm. Bạn có thể để cái túi chỗ người tính tiền, và sau đó đặt hàng hoá của bạn vào nó thay vì túi nhựa thông thường)

Question 8: What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?

A. Plastic bags should be limited as much as possible to save the Earth from their harmful impacts.

B. Each individual should reuse their plastic bags to save money for other purchases.

C. The governments should cooperate with every citizen in cleaning the plastic bags in the polluted oceans.

D. It is easier to keep the environment clean at first than to save it after it is polluted.

Đáp án: A. Plastic bags should be limited as much as possible to save the Earth from their harmful impacts.

Giải thích: Cut down your use of plastic, and do your bit to save our planet. (Cut down your use of plastic, and do your bit to save our planet.