Đọc hiểu After inventing dynamite

Bài đọc hiểu After inventing dynamite

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

After inventing⁽¹⁾ dynamite⁽²⁾, Swedish-born Nobel became a very rich man. However, he foresaw⁽³⁾ its universally⁽⁴⁾ destructive⁽⁵⁾ powers too late. Nobel preferred not to be remembered as the inventor of dynamite, so in 1895, just two weeks before his death, he created a fund⁽⁶⁾ to be used for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile⁽⁷⁾ contributions⁽⁸⁾ to humanity. Originally there were five awards: literature, physics, chemistry, medicine, and peace. Economics was added in 1968. Just sixty-seven years after the first awards ceremony⁽⁹⁾.

Nobel’s original legacy⁽¹⁰⁾ of nine million dollars was invested, and the interest on this sum is used for the awards which vary from $30,000 to $125,000.

Every year on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel’s death, the wards⁽¹¹⁾ (gold medal, illuminated diploma⁽¹²⁾, and money) are presented to the winners. Sometimes politics⁽¹³⁾ plays an important role in the judges’ decisions. Americans have won numerous⁽¹⁴⁾ science awards, but relatively few literature prizes.

No awards were presented⁽¹⁵⁾ from 1940 to 1942 at the beginning of World War II. Some people have won two prizes, but this is rare; others have shared their prizes.

Vocabulary

(1) inventing: phát minh ra

(2) dynamite: thuốc nổ

(3) foresaw: thấy trước

(4) universally: phổ biến

(5) destructive: phá hoại

(6) fund: quỹ

(7) worthwhile: đáng giá

(8) contributions: đóng góp

(9) ceremony: lể bái

(10) legacy: di sản

(11) wards: giải thưởng

(12) diploma: bằng cấp

(13) politics: chính trị

(14) numerous: nhiều

(15) presented: trình bày

Câu hỏi và đáp án đọc hiểu After inventing dynamite

Question 1: The word “foresaw” in the first paragraph is nearest in meaning to.

A. prevailed

B. postponed

C. prevented

D. predicted

Đáp án: D. predicted

Giải thích: foresaw = predicted (đoán trước)

Question 2: The Nobel prize was established in order to.

A. recognize worthwhile contributions to humanity

B. resolve political differences

C. honor the inventor of dynamite

D. spend money

Đáp án: A. recognize worthwhile contributions to humanity

Giải thích: Nobel preferred not to be remembered as the inventor of dynamite, so in 1895. Just two weeks before his death, created a fund to be used for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contributions to humanity

Question 3: In which area have Americans received the most awards?

A. Literature

B. Peace

C. Economics

D. Science

Đáp án: D. Science

Giải thích: Americans have won numerous science awards, but relatively few literature prizes

Question 4: All of the following statements are true EXCEPT .

A. Awards vary in monetary value

B. Ceremonies are held on December 10 to commemorate Nobel’s invention.

C. Politics plays an important role in selecting the winners.

D. A few individuals have won two awards.

Đáp án: B. Ceremonies are held on December 10 to commemorate Nobel’s invention.

Giải thích: Every year on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel’s death, the awards (gold medal, illuminated diploma, and money) are presented to the winners

Question 5: In the first paragraph, “worthwhile” is closest in meaning to.

A. economic

B. prestigious

C. trivial

D. valuable

Đáp án: D. valuable

Giải thích: worthwhile = valuable (đáng giá)

Question 6: How much money did Nobel leave for the prizes?

A. $30,000

B. $125,000

C. $155,000

D. $9,000,000

Đáp án: D. $9,000,000

Giải thích: Nobel’s original legacy of nine million dollars was invested

Question 7: What is the main idea of this passage?

A. Alfred Nobel became very rich when he invented dynamite

B. Alfred Nobel created awards in six categories for contributions to humanity

C. Alfred Nobel left all of his money to science

D. Alfred Nobel made a lasting contribution to humanity

Đáp án: D. Alfred Nobel made a lasting contribution to humanity

Giải thích: However, he foresaw⁽³⁾ its universally⁽⁴⁾ destructive⁽⁵⁾ powers too late. Nobel preferred not to be remembered as the inventor of dynamite, so in 1895, just two weeks before his death, he created a fund⁽⁶⁾ to be used for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile⁽⁷⁾ contributions⁽⁸⁾ to humanity. Nobel’s original legacy⁽¹⁰⁾ of nine million dollars was invested, and the interest on this sum is used for the awards which vary from $30,000 to $125,000.

Question 8: The word “legacy” in the second paragraph means most nearly the same as

A. legend

B. bequest

C. prize

D. debt

Đáp án: B. bequest

Giải thích: legacy = bequest (di sản)